Black applicants were denied 28% of the time, joint applicants 15%
Black applicants were denied 28% of the time, joint applicants 15%
Share of mortgage applications denied, by race, 2023 to 2025, all lenders combined
Joint applicants15.5%
Asian16.5%
White17.4%
Black28.2%
American Indian or Alaska Native28.2%
Two or more minority races29.6%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander29.7%
How to read this: a longer bar means that group was turned down more often. Joint applicants (a mixed-race applicant pair) are the best-approved group, so the audit compares everyone to them.
Note: Every record except purchased loans, 32.6M applications, so a withdrawn or incomplete file counts as not denied. Not shown: "Race Not Available", 26.7% of applications (20.2% denied), and "Free Form Text Only", 9,032 applications (41.9% denied). Hover a bar for its count.
Source: public HMDA filings, 2023 to 2025. hmda-audit analysis.